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Information about the Agriculture Production Survey - 30 June 2004 |
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Availability
| Valid From: .. | 07/01/2003 |
| To: .. | 06/30/2004 12:00:00 AM |
| Frequency: .. | Annually |
Design
Purpose: To collect and disseminate up-to-date, robust statistics on agricultural, arable and forestry activity in New Zealand.
General Information ..Target Population
The target population for the 2004 Agricultural Production Survey was all businesses engaged
in 'agricultural production activity' (including livestock, cropping, and forestry) with the intention
of selling that production and/or which during the year ended 30 June 2004 owned land that was
intended for agricultural activity. Horticultural activity was excluded from the 2004 survey.
In terms of the Australian and New Zealand Standard Industrial Classification (ANZSIC),
the target population consisted of:
- A011000 Horticulture and Fruit Growing
- A012100 to AO12500 Grain,Sheep and Beef Cattle Farming
- A013000 Dairy Cattle Farming
- A014100,A0142 Poultry Farming
- A015100 to A015900 Other Livestock Farming
- A0301 Forestry (excluding native forestry)
- A021900 Grazing (with land)
- L771290 Commercial property operators and developers nec (e.g. statistical units
- L781000 Scientific research (agriculture related research that involves land holding (excl. universities))
- N842300 Agricultural high school operation
- N843100 Higher education (agriculture related research undertaken by universities that
- P931110 Racing clubs and track operations
- P931120 Horse and dog training for racing (racehorse training and racing stables operations)
- P923900 Recreational parks and gardens
- A011100 to A011900 Horticulture (but included from these classifications horticultural farms
- A015930 - Beekeeping, and
- part of A015990 Livestock Farming nec (worm farming, pet breeding, dog breeding,
- part of A013000 (sharemilkers).
and parts of:
The target population excluded:
Survey population:
The survey population consisted of all enterprises or persons that owned, leased or rented land as at
30 June 2004:
- that was intended for agricultural or forestry activity (as defined above)
- that were alive on either the Business Frame (BF), or the IRD's Client Register (CR)
Frame:
The survey frame was all businesses identified on Statistics New Zealand's Business Frame or Inland Revenue's (IRD) Client Register as being engaged in agricultural activity (as defined above). The Business Frame is a list of businesses in New Zealand registered for goods and services tax (GST) with the IRD, while the Client Register consists of all businesses registered with that department. The frame also incorporates relevant feedback received from the 2002 Agricultural Production Census and the 2003 Agricultural Production Survey.
Statistical Unit
The statistical unit used was the Kind of Activity (KAU) unit.
Selection Unit.
Enterprise unit.
Collection Unit
The unit about which data was collected (the "unit of interest") comprises one or more blocks of land,
managed as a single operation, that either
- holds domesticated livestock and/or
- could be used for cropping and/or growing planted production forest and which is:
- - utilised with the intent of financial gain or
- farmed for research and/or educational purposes or
- associated with prisons.
For approximately 99% of the population the unit of interest equates to the statistical unit (the KAU).
The remainder- enterprises owning and/or managing more than one "unit of interest"- were identified
prior to postout.
The more complex were contacted to determine the best way for them to provide Statistics New
Zealand with the survey information required to both minimise respondent burden and
avoid duplication.
Under Coverage
“Lifestylers” engaged in agricultural activity which could not be identified on the Business Frame or
had been shown not to be engaged in agriculture with commercial intent were not included in the
survey population.
Population
The eligible population was 66,500 enterprises
Sample size
The sample size was 30,000 statistical units (including "sub- KAUs", KAU's divided into two or more
separate parts for collection and publication purposes.)
AP/EP/01 - Agricultural Production Survey 2004
| Shoulder No: | AP/EP/01 |
| Full Questionnaire Title: | Agricultural Production Survey 2004 including Livestock, Arable Farming and Forestry From 1 July 2003 to 30 June 2004 |
| Information: | Summarised statistics are released to farming and other industry organisations, government, researchers and other users in the community. Government agencies use agricultural statistics in the compilation of the national accounts, international reporting, trade negotiations and in the investigation of current agricultural concerns. The private sector uses agricultural statistics in the planning of future processing requirements, transportation and other agricultural infrastructure issues. |
| Survey Name: | Agricultural Production Survey |
| Colour: | Blue |
| Keywords: | Agriculture and Forestry |
| Questionnaire Format: | |
Acrobat Questionnaire Files
Output Variables
Output variables are pieces of individual information that can be extracted from the survey/output data. Often output variables can be cross tabulated with other output variables, for example sales by industry classification. The list below contains all current and past output variables which have been released for this survey/output.
Refer to the questionnaire.
The only data which is not available is that which identifies an individual respondent or
the persons they have :
- sold land to,
- bought or leased land from or with whom they sharemilk.
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Changes in Output Variables over time
Guide to Interpreting Data
Summary of Changes to Survey/Output ..Chronology
Up to and including the season 1908-09, agricultural and pastoral statistics were collected annually by sub-enumerators appointed by the Department of Agriculture. In the season 1909-10 information was collected for the principal crops only. A full detailed collection was made for the 1910-11 season in conjunction with the Population Census of 1911. From then to 1914-15 no complete collection was made, and the postal collection was found in some respects to be unsatisfactory. From 1916 until 1930 the actual collection of the agricultural and pastoral statistics schedules was carried out annually through the police organisation. The system required officers in charge of police stations to obtain all necessary particulars by a personal canvass of occupiers of holdings of one acre or over located outside boroughs.
In 1931 it was decided, for reasons of economy, to dispense with the assistance of the police organisation and so avoid the travelling and other expenses incidental to the personal canvass system. Instead, the statistics were obtained on questionnaires distributed through the post by the Census and Statistics Department. Although a considerable saving was effected in this way, various circumstances combined to create difficulties and delays in completing the work of compilation.
In 1932 a new system was adopted, representing a combination of both the postal and the personal-canvass systems. The services of the police organisation were requisitioned to this end, it being realised that the local knowledge of police officers in reference to changes in occupancy, etc., as well as their proximity to occupiers within their respective districts was a valuable asset in securing returns
In 1950, a special Census of Agriculture was conducted as part of the World Census of Agriculture. A considerably wider scope was covered in this special census than in the normal annual collection. In particular, a comprehensive examination of farm machinery was undertaken for the first time, while, again, an analysis of farm population and employment was made. In order to carry out such a detailed collection it became necessary to revert to the system in operation up to 1930, whereby particulars were obtained by a personal canvass of occupiers.
Commencing with 1952-53, Agriculture Statistics were collected using a sample of approximately 12,000 farms, instead of a full collection of 90,000 farms. This was a postal survey. However, this method of surveying farmers ceased after the 1954-55 survey year.
From 1955-56 until 1987 a full postal census was conducted annually. Full censuses were also conducted in 1990 and 1994. Between 1987 and 1996 sample surveys of agriculture production were conducted in the years between censuses. There were no surveys of agriculture production in 1997 and 1998. A sample survey of farms predominantly involved in livestock farming was conducted in 1999. In 2000 a full coverage survey of all farms involved in horticultural activity was conducted. There was no survey of agriculture production in 2001.
The reinstatement of the Agriculture Statistics programme in 2001 saw the taking of an Agriculture Production Census in 2002. Coverage included farms involved in livestock, cropping, horticulture & forestry. This survey was the first in an ongoing programme of censuses & surveys being undertaken by Statistics New Zealand with the cooperation of the Ministry of Agriculture & Forestry.
| An Agricultural Production Survey conducted in 2003 was a sample survey with coverage of the same sectors as the 2002 Agricultural Production Census. An Agricultural Production Survey conducted in 2004 was a sample survey with coverage of the same sectors as the 2002 Agricultural Production Census except for horticulture. Definition of a Farm Since 1971, for the purposes of agricultural statistics, a farm has been defined as any area of land, irrespective of size or location, used for, or potentially usable for, commercial horticulture, vegetable growing, cropping, livestock or exotic forestry operations. Areas complying with the foregoing requirements, but used exclusively for industrial, residential, ornamental or pleasure purposes, are not regarded as farms unless they grazed livestock on 30 June, derived farming income from the land during the year, or are expected to earn income in subsequent years. Prior to 1971, the definition was such that any area of land outside borough boundaries and meeting a standard minimum size was classifiable as a farm. ANZSIC, NZSIC & Farm Type (see Farm Type Definitions)
and regional councils. This new structure replaced the previous counties and local government regions. The majority of the 75 districts and cities (also known as territorial authorities or TA's) are located within one of the 14 regional councils. However, 11 districts and cities fall within more than one regional council. From 1990 to 1992 the data for these 11 districts and cities in regionally analysed tables, has been included within the region in which it is predominantly located. Data for these 11 districts and cities from 1993 onwards is represented in the correct Regional Council area. 1980 to 1990 areas: |
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Regional Council
2004 areas:
Regional Council
Usage and Limitations of the Data ..Before 1994 the agriculture population definition was defined as "all those activity units on the Statistics New Zealand's Business Directory that are engaged in horticulture, cropping, livestock farming or exotic forestry operations". In 1994 the population definition changed to "persons or businesses deemed to be engaged in a farming or forestry activity that were registered for GST". This resulted in a decline in the number of farms in scope and thus caution should be exercised when dealing with time series.
In the late 80's and early 90's, data collected on employment (seasonality issues) and indoor horticulture crops and flowers have been identified as having data quality issues - please refer to caveats. Generally horticulture production (tonnage) is not released due to data quality issues.
In 1994, an Agriculture Production Census was carried out providing data for most linecodes. In 1995, 1996, and 1999 however, sample surveys undertaken and thus data is only available for those units sampled (weightings etc are applied to those sampled so as to estimate for the population). Therefore due to the nature of a sample survey, there is a limit to the type / range of outputs that can be produced (this may impact on ad-hoc requests).
For the 1995, 1996, and 1999 surveys, the agricultural standard tables were produced with two accompanying tables - one table outlining the sample error for each estimate in the standard table, the other table gives a quality guide (based on sample error, imputation and the level of instability). These are given to the client so that the client can gauge the quality/robustness of the estimated statistics.
The 2000 Horticulture collection was conducted as a census.
Related Data Sources ..Publications:
Agriculture data can be dated back to 1861 (for a very limited number of items).
The publication called "Agriculture Statistics XXXX" is available from 1965 to 1996 and for 2002.
Agricultural data can also be found in the Statistics New Zealand Yearbooks.
From 1986 the publications contain less data. Standard tables were introduced, and these contain a wide variety of information.
Information is available on the Statistics New Zealand website www.stats.govt.nz
Other Surveys which include some Agriculture information:
Annual Enterprise Survey (farm coverage since 1999)
Annual Business Demography Statistics
Various Price Indexes
Agriculture data is also collected by the following organisations:
Meat and Wool New Zealand Economic Service
Fonterra
Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry
Quotable Value NZ (formerly Valuation NZ)
Sampling Errors ..Sampling error arises from selecting a sample of KAUs rather than taking a complete enumeration. It is not applicable when a census is undertaken. Estimates for the 2003 and 2004 survey and the 1995, 1996 and 1999 surveys were subject to sampling error. The 2002 and 1994 Agricultural Production Censuses and 2000 Horticultural Census were not subject to sampling error.
Non-sampling errors Non-sampling error arises from biases in the patterns of response and non-response, inaccuracies in reporting by respondents, and errors in the recording and classification of data. Statistics New Zealand adopts procedures to detect and minimise these types of errors, but they may still occur and are not easy to quantify.
Caveats on Release ..Time Series Caveat
Users should be aware when conducting comparisons between years that the populations used in the censuses & surveys of agriculture production since 1994 differ from each other and from those prior to 1994.
- Agricultural Production Survey 2004 The population of the 2004 population differed from that of 2003 in that it did not include horticultural activity and did not include any new Inland Revenue Department livestock, cropping or forestry registrations not registered for GST unless they had been by previous survey identified as having livestock,cropping or forestry activity.
- Agricultural Production Census 2002 & Survey 2003 - The population was all units that were identified on Statistics New Zealand's Business Frame or IRD Client Register as being engaged in agricultural activity (livestock, cropping, horticulture, cropping & forestry). The Business Frame is a list of businesses in New Zealand based on firms registered for Goods and Services Tax (GST) with the Inland Revenue Department while the Client Register consists of all businesses registered with that department. This composite frame was used to ensure a comprehensive coverage of agricultural activity in New Zealand was achieved.
The population included those “lifestylers” who were identifiable on IRD’s Client Register or Statistic NZ’s Business Frame as being engaged in in-scope agricultural activity.
- Agriculture Production Survey 2000 (Horticulture) - The survey population was all identifiable farming units that indicated horticultural activity, extracted from the Business Frame, and supplemented with information from AgriBase and available grower lists.
- Agriculture Production Survey 1999 (Livestock and arable cropping) - The survey population was all units on the AgriQuality "AgriBase" which were recorded as having livestock and/or engaging in grain/arable cropping. The term 'livestock' includes : beef cattle, bison, buffalo, dairy cattle, deer, emus, goats, ostriches, pigs, poultry, sheep and grazing other people's stock. The term 'grain/arable cropping' includes : cereals, cropping and seeds. Farms with no enterprise data held on AgriBase were also included in the survey. Farms solely engaged in horticultural and forestry activities were excluded from the population.
- Agriculture Production Census 1994 & Surveys 1995 & 1996 - The survey population was all units on Statistics New Zealand's Business Frame that were registered for GST and classified to horticulture, grain and arable cropping, livestock farming, or exotic forestry operations.
- Prior to 1994, the population definition for agricultural production surveys was all units on Statistics New Zealand's Business Directory (whether registered for GST or not) that were classified to horticulture, grain and arable cropping, livestock farming, or exotic forestry operations.
- Customised output is available. Tables can include any of the data items collected in the survey. This information is available at various levels of aggregation (including Regional Council, and farm type) although confidentiality and quality requirements may limit the information available.
A list of available variables is included below in the section "Output Variables".
Catalogue & Reference Numbers
- Provisional Results
Provisional Results Release Date: 1 December 2004 Media Release – 2004 Agricultural Production Survey (Provisional results): June 2004 Hot Off The Press – 2004 Agricultural Production Survey (Provisional results): June 2004 comprising the following Tables – all will be time series at the national level
· Lambs tailed during the year ended 30 June 2004, Ewes and Ewe Hoggets put to ram year ended 30 June 2004, and Sheep Numbers as at 30 June 2004
· Fawns weaned during the year ended 30 June 2004, Females Mated during the year ended 30 June 2004, and Deer Numbers as at 30 June 2004
· Dairy Calves born during the year ended 30 June 2004, Dairy Cows and Heifers in milk or in calf at 30 June 2004 and Dairy Cattle Numbers as at 30 June 2004
· Beef Calves born during the year ended 30 June 2004, Beef Cows and Heifers in calf at 30 June, 2004 and Beef Cattle Numbers as at 30 June 2004
· Area of Wheat harvested year ended 30 June 2004
· Forestry production and plantings year ended 31 December 2003.
2004 Agriculture Production Survey
- Final Results
| Release Date: April 2005 |
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| SNZ Media Release – 2004 Agricultural Production Survey (Final results): June 2004 |
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| SNZ Hot Off The Press 2004 Agricultural Production Survey (Final results): June 2004 Comprising the following Tables – for the June 2003 and 2004 years: · Selected Livestock Numbers by Region: Total Sheep, Total Dairy Cattle, Total Beef Cattle, Total Deer · Lambs tailed by Region during the year ended 30 June, Breeding Ewes put to Ram as at 30 June, and Ewe Hoggets put to Ram as at 30 June. · Forestry by Region for the year ended 31 December, 2002 and 2003 : New area planted, Area replanted, Timber harvested (hectares), Timber harvested (cubic metres) · Fertiliser applied by Region for the years ended 30 June,2003 and 2004 : Urea, Diammonium Phosphate (DAP), Lime |
Other Comments
Classification(s) used
Glossary of Terms
| Term | Description |
| Age: | Established by dentation, that is the number of permanent teeth (incisors). Cattle at around 18 months old have two permanent teeth, around 2.5 years four teeth, 3.5 years six teeth and at four and older have eight teeth. Sheep get their first two permanent teeth at about 14 months of age. They become 4-tooths between the ages of two or three years, six tooths between three and four years, and have a full mouth, complete set of eight teeth at four years. |
| Arable: Bobby calf: | Capable of being ploughed, fit for tillage; opposed to pasture of wood-land. A milk-fed calf under four days old. |
| Buck: | Adult male goat (also billygoat). |
| Bull: | Entire (i.e. not castrated) male cattle. |
| Calf: | Young cattle of either sex between birth and weaning; with eight temporary teeth. Also sometimes refers to animals up to one year old. |
| Calving Percentage: | Calculation, either of calves weaned to number of cows mated, or of calves sold to cows mated. |
| Cow: | Mature female cattle beast of any age, but usually over 30 months. |
| Dry cow/ewe: | A female animal not carrying offspring. |
| EVAO: | Estimated Value of Agricultural Operations. A value derived by Statistics NZ from the results of the production survey. For every linecode an average yield and price for that year is established. A calculation is done at the end of each cycle whereby every positive linecode is multiplied by the price and yield to provide an estimated turnover for that particular variable. For each farm these values are summed to produce the EVAO. |
| Ewe | A female sheep. |
| Farm Type: | A standard industrial classification based on the operations of the farm. Statistics New Zealand used EVAO determinations to classify farms according to ANZSIC (Australian and New Zealand Standard Industrial Classification). |
| Finishing: | The process of adding body weight to animals, in muscle rather than fat, through careful stock management. |
| Flock | Group of sheep, angora or feral goats. |
| Heifer: | Female cattle having no more than six permanent incisors. |
| Herbage: | Herbs collectively; herbaceous growth or vegetation; usually applied to grass and other low-growing plants covering a large extent of ground, esp. as used for pasture. |
| Herd | Group of cattle, horses, milking goats (and pigs and deer). |
| Hogget: | A young male sheep or maiden ewe having no more than two permanent incisors in wear. |
| Kid: | Male or female goat under 12 months of age. |
| Lamb: | Sheep under 12 months of age or without any permanent teeth in wear. |
| Lambing percentage: | Number of lambs marked or tailed per ewe mated. |
| Mated Gilts: | Sows which are pregnant for the first time. |
| Ram: | Adult uncastrated male sheep having more than two permanent incisors in wear. |
| Schedule: | Basic minimum price paid to a farmer by a meat processing company. Based on categories of stock. Usually announced weekly. Variable premiums can apply for particular groups at certain times. |
| Silage: | Pasture crops stored as they are preserved in a fermented state. |
| Steer: | Male cattle castrated when young. Does not develop secondary sexual characteristics (eg large shoulders) or masculine temperament. |
| Stock unit (SU) or Livestock unit (LSU): | Also referred to as ewe equivalent (EE). It is the feed requirement used as the basis of comparison for different classes and species of stock. It expresses the annual feed requirements, equivalent to one 55 kg ewe rearing a single lamb. 1 LSU requires approximately 520 kg of good quality pasture dry matter per year. For example, 1 hogget = 0.7 LSU; 1 Jersey cow = 6.5 LSU; 1 mature Red Deer stag = 1.5-2.0 LSU. |
| Stocking Rate: | The number of animals carried or run on a defined area of land. May be called carrying capacity. Expressed in stock units. |
| Two-tooth: | Sheep with two teeth (one year old). |
| Vealer: | Cattle up to 14 months of age: maiden females, castrated males and entire males not showing masculine characteristics. |
| Weaner: | Animal making the transition from all-milk diet to grazing. Usually 3-4 months for sheep and 4-6 months for beef calves. |
| Wether: | A castrated male sheep. |
| Yearling: | Cattle beast about a year old. |
Contact Details
| Customer Service E-mail Contact: | info@stats.govt.nz |
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| Survey Enquiries E-mail Contact: | adrian.cheung@stats.govt.nz |
Liability
Statistics New Zealand gives no warranty that the information or data supplied contains no errors. However, all care and diligence has been used in processing, analysing and extracting the information. Statistics New Zealand shall not be liable for any loss or damage suffered by the customer consequent upon the use directly, or indirectly, of the information supplied in this product.