SNZ Summary Profile for Information about the Disability Survey of Residential Facilities 2001

Information about the Disability Survey of Residential Facilities 2001

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Availability

Valid From: ..	02/01/2001
To: ..	06/28/2002 12:00:00 AM
Frequency: ..	Irregularly

Design
Purpose: The main purpose of the 2001 Disability Survey of Residential Facilities was to collect data on the prevalence of disability among the population aged 15 years and over living in residential care facilities. This data, when combined with the results from the 2001 Household Disability Survey, provides an estimate of the total adult population of New Zealand with a disability; their socio-demographic characteristics, information on major types of disability, severity and the duration of activity limitation. Additionally, the survey sought to provide information on types of residential facilities, length of stay in residential care, and on assistance required with day-to-day activities.

It was also important that the results of the 2001 Disability Survey of Residential Facilities could be compared with those from the 1997 survey.

The objectives of the survey are stated below:

Key Objectives
The primary objectives of the survey were to collect data on the population of people aged 15 years and over with disabilities living in residential facilities which could be combined with data from the household disability survey to yield national estimates of:

the total prevalence of disability for adults (15-64 years) and older people (65 years and over), and for the Maori and non-Maori populations;
the major types of disability (sensory, physical, intellectual, psychiatric/psychological , other) and the severity of disability (mild, moderate, severe) amongst the total New Zealand population aged 15 years and over with disabilities;
the demographic characteristics, including their age, sex, ethnic group and social marital status of the total population aged 15 years and over with disabilities;
the demographic and disability-related characteristics (such as age, sex, social marital status, disability type, severity of disability) associated with living in a residential facility amongst the population aged 15 years and over with disabilities;
assistance required with day-to-day activities such as personal care, shopping etc. amongst the total population aged 15 years and over with disabilities;
to compare and contrast information collected the 2001 survey results with those collected in the 1996/1997 Disability Surveys

Secondary Objectives
The secondary objectives of the survey were to produce estimates for the population with disabilities aged 15 years and over living in residential facilities for the following variables:

sex (male, female)
age group (15 - 64 and 65+, sample size permitting some further breakdown of the 65+ year age group)
disability type (physical, sensory, psychiatric, intellectual, other)
number of disabilities (single, multiple)
severity of disability (mild, moderate, severe)
type of assistance required (personal care, communication, personal finances)
length of stay in residential care
type of residential facility: homes for the elderly, private hospital, (and sample size permitting further breakdown public hospital, mental health unit, intellectual disability unit, physical disability unit, and multiple disability facility)

General Information ..Background Information

People with disabilities are a significant part of New Zealand's population, accounting for one in every five people in 2001. Information about the experience of disability in New Zealand is becoming increasingly important as the population ages and New Zealand strives to eliminate barriers faced by people with disabilities.

The 2001 Household Disability Survey and the 2001 Disability Survey of Residential Facilities combine to form the 2001 New Zealand Disability Survey. The 2001 New Zealand Disability Survey was the second national survey on disability conducted by Statistics New Zealand. It provides up to date statistical information on the nature and extent of disability in New Zealand, and the circumstances of people with disabilities, including their use of and unmet need for services and support. An important aim of the survey was to produce information that was comparable with the first national data collection on disability in 1996–1997. The data is a useful resource for a wide range of users, including policy makers, service providers, researchers and all others involved with or interested in people with disabilities in New Zealand.

As noted above, estimates from the 2001 Household Disability Survey and the 2001 Disability Survey of Residential Facilities were combined to give total disability estimates for New Zealand. However, it is important to note that these are not strictly disability estimates for the total New Zealand population as some types of non-private dwellings were excluded from the scope of this survey. The overall effect of excluding these types of non-private dwellings is not known and, although not expected to have a significant impact on estimates of the total prevalence of disability, there is potential for some underestimation, particularly of psychiatric and intellectual disability.

Target Population
The target population was all people aged 15 years and over in non-private dwellings on census night. As the sample for the 2001 Household Disability Survey was drawn from all occupants of private dwellings on census night, if this target population could be measured users would be able to combine the results of the two surveys to produce disability estimates of the total New Zealand population on census night.

Survey Population
The survey population for this survey was all people aged 15 years and over who, at the time of the survey, were living in homes for the elderly; occupying long-stay beds in public or private hospitals; or living in long-stay residential units (with 10 and more people) for people with an intellectual, psychiatric or physical disability, or with multiple disabilities.

Some specific types of non-private dwellings were excluded from the survey population. These included:

hospices and acute psychiatric wards
forensic psychiatric wards/hospitals
welfare institutions
prisons, penal institutions, police lock-ups
educational and religious institutions
hotels, motels, guest houses, motor camps
night shelters
work camps, construction camps, training camps
communes
marae.

These non-private dwellings were excluded from the survey population, mainly due to one or more of the following reasons:

they contained a small proportion of disabled people
they contained people staying only for a short time
it would be difficult to construct a suitable frame (list of all eligible facilities to select the sample from)
there are ethical issues associated with attempting to interview patients in stressful situations
special interview procedures would be required for some facilities such as penal and correction facilities.

The exclusions are not expected to have a significant impact on estimates of the total prevalence of disability, as most of the target population with disabilities is covered in the survey population.

Statistical Unit
Individuals

Selection Unit
Residential facilities and then individuals.

Collection Unit
Individuals

Under Coverage
Coverage rules ensure that each person in the survey population has one and only one chance of selection. Since the survey period was one month and only long-term residents were eligible, coverage rules were not required for this survey.

Sample Size and Response Rate
A sample of 132 residential care facilities was selected to take part in the survey, from a frame of approximately 1,200 facilities throughout New Zealand. Of the 132 facilities selected, 118 agreed to take part (the remainder had either closed, refused, or were ineligible to take part). The facility response rate was 90 percent.

Within the participating facilities, 1,016 residents were selected to participate in the survey. The achieved response rate within the selected facilities was 90 percent.

Fieldwork
Managers of the sampled facilities were sent a letter informing them that their facility had been selected to take part in the survey. They were later contacted by telephone to seek their agreement to take part and to provide further information. When a facility agreed to take part, an interviewer telephoned to arrange a time to visit and speak with the manager. At the first visit, interviewers randomly selected a sample of residents and sought consent for the individual interviews.

Face-to-face interviews were used where respondents were being interviewed themselves, and where possible telephone interviews were used for family member proxy interviews. Staff proxy interviews took place either in person or by telephone. Full training was supplied to interviewers, both on the survey and on interviewing people with disabilities.

The 2001 Disability Survey of Residential Facilities used one questionnaire that contained two parts. Each adult completed part A (the “Screening" section) to establish whether or not they had a disability according to the definition applied. Those who were identified as having a disability then completed part B, a series of questions relating to assistance and equipment they might use. Part A is essentially identical to the Adult Screening Questionnaire used for the 2001 Household Disability Survey.

A link to the questionnaire on the Statistics New Zealand website is provided below:
http://www.stats.govt.nz/domino/external/quest/sddquest.nsf/12df43879eb9b25e4c256809001ee0fe/65e6beb40393dabacc256bad00757883?OpenDocument

Output Variables

Output variables are pieces of individual information that can be extracted from the survey/output data. Often output variables can be cross tabulated with other output variables, for example sales by industry classification. The list below contains all current and past output variables which have been released for this survey/output.
The datasets contain variables for all questions in the survey questionnaire as well as some derived variables listed below. Derived variables are variables created by combining responses from 2 or more questions.

Derived variables
Screening in (having a disability): scrn_code
(Higher order classification of) adult disability type: dsblty_type_1_code-dsblty_type_5_code
(Detailed classification of) adult disability type: hear_code, deaf_code, speak_code, ...
Multiple disability: mult_dsblty_code
Condition/disease: q3_condition_code, q4_condition_code, ...
Cause of disability: cause_disease_code, cause_birth_code, ...
Duration of each disability (in single years): q3_durat_nbr, q4_durat_nbr, ...
Duration of the disability with the earliest onset: longest_durat_code
Severity of disability: severity_code
Special equipment use: equip_use_code
Other special equipment use: other_equip_use_code
Cause of main activity limitation: cause_main_code
Receipt of help for everyday activities: recpt_act_use_code
Type of main disability: dsblty_type_main_code
Prioritised ethnic group: ethnic_grp_nbr

Changes in Output Variables over time

Guide to Interpreting Data

Summary of Changes to Survey/Output ..A new stratum was used in 2001 to account for multiple disability facilities. This did not have a significant impact on the results but does change the facility type classification. There were also some minor changes to the questionnaire in 2001. Below is a summary of these changes, where applicable the impact is also discussed.

The 'cause of activity limitation' question was adjusted in 2001 to discourage people answering ageing/another cause, and to tidy it up so that psychological/physical abuse was a separate question asked if the cause was a particular case of accident/injury. This means that caution should be used when comparing the 2001 and 1997 cause estimates, the changes to the questionnaire had an impact on the way the respondents answered. Also, the 'accident' category in 1997 became 'accident or injury' in 2001.
A question asking the main activity limitation was added in 2001. In order to make this work, a new question was also added to the 'any other activity limitation' question, which asked what the limitation was.

Usage and Limitations of the Data ..The sample size limits the use of complex cross-tabulations, sample size is one of the factors influencing the size of the sampling error.

No regional data can be released from this survey.

Related Data Sources ..1996 Disability Survey of Residential Facilities
2001 Household Disability Survey
1997 Household Disability Survey
1996/97 Health Survey

Sampling Errors ..Sampling error is a measure of the variability that occurs by chance because a sample, rather than the entire population, is surveyed. The size of the sampling errors in this survey has been controlled by the size of the sample and the use of random selection, stratification, sample allocation and estimation techniques. Note that all sampling errors have been measured at the 95 percent confidence level.

A table of generalised Relative Sampling Errors (RSEs) relating to the survey has been provided below. These should be used as a guide for judging the reliability of estimates. Note that these sampling error tables are for count estimates only, not for percentages. This does not mean there is no sampling error present for percentage estimates.

Specific sample errors were calculated for some of the survey estimates for the technical report "Disability Counts 2001". Those wishing to use these sampling errors should contact Statistics New Zealand.

See the 2001 Household Disability Survey documentation () for the generalised sampling error tables that should be used when data from this survey is combined with that from the 2001 Household Disability Survey.

Generalised sampling error table
For All Estimates from the 2001 Disability Survey of Residential Facilities

Estimate Relative Sampling Errors (%)

500
51

1,000
41

2,000
33

3,000
29

4,000
26

5,000
24

10,000
20

30,000
14

50,000

100,000

300,000

500,000

Estimate cut-off points

for RSE=50%
for RSE=70%
for RSE=100%
520
200
60

See the technical notes section of "Disability Counts 2001" for more details on how to use the sampling errors.

Non-sampling errors Possible non-sampling errors in sample surveys include errors arising from biases in the patterns of response and non-response, inaccuracies in reporting by respondents, and errors in the recording and coding of data.

Caveats on Release ..SNZ standard terms and conditions of supply.

Contact the Statistics New Zealand Information Centres to discuss customised output.

Our Information Centres are at:

Auckland 09 357 2100

Wellington 04 495 4600

Christchurch 03 374 8700

Email: info@stats.govt.nz

www.stats.govt.nz

Catalogue & Reference Numbers

Total population residing in households and residential facilities

Other Comments

Classification(s) used

Glossary of Terms

Adult
An adult is a usual resident of New Zealand aged 15 years or over.

Agility disability
People with an agility disability have difficulty with or cannot bend, dress, grasp, cut their own toe-nails, reach, cut their own food or get themselves in or out of bed.

Disability
A disability is any self-perceived limitation in activity resulting from a long-term condition or health problem; lasting or expected to last six months or more and not completely eliminated by an assistive device.

More details:
A functional concept of disability was used in these surveys:
“ … any restriction or lack (resulting from impairment) of ability to perform an activity in the manner or within the range considered normal for a human being.” (WHO)

This is the World Health Organisation (WHO) definition that was used in the 1996–1997 disability surveys. It was used again in 2001 so the data would be comparable. Using this concept, a disability was defined as any limitation in activity resulting from a long-term condition or health problem. The focus was, therefore, not on identifying the nature of the disorder or disabling condition, but rather the limitation resulting from it.

People were not considered as having a disability if an assistive device (such as glasses) completely eliminated their limitation. A concept of time was also added as an additional filter; the disability must have lasted or be expected to last for six months or more.

Disability was determined by responses to a series of questions that assessed difficulties performing certain day-to-day activities. Answers reflected respondents’ own perception of their situation and were, therefore, subjective.

A new WHO disability classification was finalised in 2001: the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). This was not used for the 2001 surveys because the decision on which classification to use was made in 2000, before the new classification was finalised. The decision to use the same disability classification as was used in the 1996–1997 surveys was made in consultation with agencies from the disability community and government sector.

Disability rate
The disability rate is the proportion of people reporting a disability. This is the estimate of the number of people with a disability divided by the estimate of the number of people with and without a disability.

Disability type
The following disability types are provided under the detailed classification of disability type:
Hearing, Seeing, Mobility, Agility, Speaking, Intellectual, Psychiatric / Psychological, Other.
These disability types are defined separately here in the Glossary of Terms. In this case 'Other' includes people who have a long-term condition or health problem that causes them ongoing difficulty with their ability to learn or remember, or causes them difficulty with or stops them from doing everyday activities which people their age can usually do.

The disability types above were combined to form a higher order classification of disability type with five categories: Sensory, Physical, Intellectual, Psychiatric / Psychological, Other.
These disability types are defined separately here in the Glossary of Terms.

Dwelling
A dwelling is any building or structure, or part thereof, that is used (or intended to be used) for the purpose of human habitation. It can be of a permanent, temporary or even mobile nature and includes structures such as motels, hotels, hospitals, prisons, motor homes, huts and tents.

Employed
People who work for one or more hours per week for financial gain, or who perform unpaid work in a family business, are employed.

Ethnic group
This refers to the ethnic group or groups that a person identifies with on a self-determination basis. If appropriate, respondents may identify with more than one group. An ethnic group is defined as a social group whose members share a sense of common origins, a distinctive history and destiny, collectively possess one or more dimensions of cultural identity and have a unique collective solidarity. In the cases where respondents stated that they belonged to more than one ethnic group, then a single ethnic category was assigned to that person using a system of priority recording of ethnicity.

European
This refers to people who specified their ethnic group to be one of:

New Zealand European (New Zealander, Päkehä, Kiwi)
Australian
Dutch
Greek
English
Scottish
Irish
Eurasian
Caucasian or any other European group as their sole ethnic group.

Hearing disability
People with a hearing disability have difficulty hearing or cannot hear what is said in a conversation with one other person and/or a conversation with at least three other people.

Highest qualification
This qualification is the most advanced formally recognised educational attainment by people aged 15 years and over.

Household
A household consists of either one person who usually resides alone or two or more people who usually reside together and share facilities (such as eating, cooking, or bathroom facilities, a living area).

Household composition
The nature of a household based upon its usual occupants and organisation according to the relationships between the occupants. Persons temporarily absent from the dwelling on census night are assigned by Statistics New Zealand back to their appropriate household to ensure all usually present members of a household are accounted for. A household may consist of one or more families, may be a non-family household or a one-person household.

Intellectual disability
People with an intellectual disability need support or help from organisations like IHC, or have been to a special school or receive special education because of an intellectual disability or handicap.

Labour force
The New Zealand labour force includes all people aged 15 years and over who regularly work for one or more hours per week for financial gain, or as an unpaid worker in a family business. Also included are those who are unemployed and actively seeking either full-time or part-time work.

Life expectancy
Life expectancy is a measure, based on current mortality trends, of the number of years a person at a given age may expect to live.

Longest duration of disability
The longest length of time an individual has identified as having a disability.

Main disability
The disability that the respondent considered limited their everyday activities most. In 2001 all adults were asked what their main disability was. This was not asked in 1996–1997.

Mäori
This term refers to those persons who specified New Zealand Mäori in 1996–1997, or Mäori in 2001, as one of the ethnic groups they identified with.

Meshblock
The smallest geographical statistical unit for which data is collected and processed by Statistics New Zealand. Meshblocks provide the basis for aggregation into larger statistical units such as area units, wards, territorial authorities and regions. In 2001 there were over 38,000 meshblocks covering the whole of New Zealand, in 1996–1997 there were nearly 37,000.

Mobility disability
People with a mobility disability have difficulty with or cannot walk about 350 metres without resting, walk up or down a flight of stairs, carry an object as heavy as five kilograms for a 10 metre distance, move from room to room or stand for periods longer than 20 minutes.

Non-private dwelling
This is a dwelling in which a number of generally unrelated people live. Non-private establishments usually have common cooking and dining facilities. Examples of non-private dwellings are hotels, motels, hospitals, prisons and boarding houses.

Non-sampling error
Non-sampling error is one of the two types of error possible in estimates based on a sample survey. Non-sampling errors include errors arising from biases in the patterns of response and non-response, inaccuracies in reporting by respondents, and errors in the recording and coding of data. The other type of error is sampling error.

Not in the labour force
Any person who is neither 'employed' nor 'unemployed and actively seeking work' is deemed to be not in the labour force. This category includes retired people; people with personal or family responsibilities such as unpaid housework and childcare; people attending educational institutions; people permanently unable to work due to disability; people who were temporarily unavailable for work in the survey reference week; and people who were not actively seeking work.

Occupation
Refers to the job, trade, profession or type of work in which a person is employed for financial reward or as an unpaid worker in a family business. The classification used is the NZSCO99 (New Zealand Standard Classification of Occupations 1999) and is provided at the major group level.

Other disability (higher order classification)
People with an 'other' disability have a long-term condition or health problem that causes them ongoing difficulty speaking or being understood, or with their ability to learn or remember. Also included are people who have a disability that causes them difficulty with or stops them from doing everyday activities which people their age can usually do, when that disability is not classified as physical, sensory, intellectual, or psychiatric/psychological.

Physical disability
People with a physical disability have mobility and/or agility disabilities.

Private dwelling
Any permanent or temporary dwelling which is occupied by a person or group of people and is not available to the public. This term includes houses, flats and apartments that are self-contained in respect of sleeping, cooking, dining, bathing and toilet facilities. Examples of temporary or mobile private dwellings include tents, caravans, campervans and boats.

Psychiatric/psychological disability
This includes people who, because of a long-term emotional, psychological or psychiatric condition, have difficulty with or are prevented from communicating, socialising or doing everyday activities that people their age can usually do.

Residential facility
A non-private dwelling being one of:

rest home or home for the elderly
public hospital
private hospital
intellectual disability unit
psychiatric disability unit
physical disability unit
multiple disability unit.

For the purposes of the Disability Survey of Residential Facilities, staff and family members living in these facilities and occupants of short-stay beds in public and private hospitals were excluded.

Also excluded were:

hospices and acute psychiatric wards
forensic psychiatric wards/hospitals
hospices and acute psychiatric wards
nurses homes
night shelters
DSW residential units
orphanages
welfare facilities
penal and corrections facilities
educational facilities
religious facilities
drug and alcohol recovery centres
boarding houses
supported housing/group homes
work camps, construction camps and training camps
seasonal group quarters
defence areas (armed forces and naval camps)
vessels
police lock-ups
hotels, motels, guest houses and motor camps
communes
marae.

Rural
Any areas of New Zealand not specifically designated as urban.

Sampling error
Sampling error is one of the two types of error possible in estimates based on a sample survey. Sampling error is a measure of the variability that occurs by chance because a sample rather than an entire population is surveyed. The other type of error is non-sampling error.

Seeing disability
People with a seeing disability have difficulty seeing or cannot see ordinary newsprint and/or the face of someone from across a room, even when wearing corrective lenses.

Sensory disability
People with a sensory disability have hearing and/or seeing disabilities.

Severity of disability
Severity is a measure of the intensity and extent of the disability of the respondent. Respondents have been assigned a rating of either 'mild', 'moderate' or 'severe' based on their need for assistance and/or special equipment relating to their disability. Those with 'moderate' disabilities use, or have an unmet need for, some type of assistive device, aid or equipment. Those with 'severe' disabilities receive daily assistance with tasks such as bathing, preparing meals etc.

Social marital status
A person’s reported status with respect to partnership, rather than in regard to registered marriages only. A person’s social marital status can be partnered or non-partnered.

Speaking disability
People with a speaking disability have difficulty speaking or being understood.

Total household income
The total gross income received by all people aged 15 years or over in a household for the financial year ending 31 March. This includes income from all sources, such as wages, salaries, commission, bonuses paid by employer, self-employment, interest, dividends, rent, other investments, ACC, regular payments, NZ Superannuation, pensions, annuities, unemployment benefit, sickness benefit, invalids benefit, student allowance, other government income support payments or war pensions. Excluded are capital gains, gambling winnings and inheritances.

Total personal income
The total gross income that a person aged 15 years or over received from all sources for the financial year ended 31 March.

Transitional health authorities (THA)
The THAs are the former government-established health authorities (Northern, Midland, Central and Southern). At the time of the 1996–1997 Disability Surveys these were the key distributors of health services to their respective areas. These THAs no longer exist.

Unemployed
This refers to those people who are not working in a paid job, business, farm or profession at the census date, but have actively looked for either full-time or part-time work in the preceding four weeks and would have started work in the week preceding the census had a job been available.

Urban
Non-administrative areas which consists of part of a city or parts of cities and/or part of a district or parts of districts and have populations of 1,000 people or more.

Usual residence
The address of the dwelling or place where the person considers himself or herself to live.

Contact Details

Customer Service E-mail Contact:	info@stats.govt.nz

Survey Enquiries E-mail Contact:	guido.stark@stats.govt.nz

Liability

Statistics New Zealand gives no warranty that the information or data supplied contains no errors. However, all care and diligence has been used in processing, analysing and extracting the information. Statistics New Zealand shall not be liable for any loss or damage suffered by the customer consequent upon the use directly, or indirectly, of the information supplied in this product.