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| Information about the Accommodation Survey |
Availability
| Valid From: .. | 07/01/1996 |
| To: .. | Ongoing |
| Frequency: .. | Monthly |
Design
Purpose: To provide an authoritative set of information on the supply and demand for accommodation that will be used in policy planning at the national and regional level.
The survey provides monthly data on capacity, occupancy rates, guest nights, guest arrivals, and residence of guests (domestic or international). Data are disaggregated by regional council, territorial authority or regional tourism organisation areas, and by accommodation type.
General Information ..Target Population
Geographic units (GEOs) on Statistics New Zealand's Business Frame that are classified as short-term commercial accommodation providers operating in New Zealand. In terms of ANZSIC 2006, the target population is taken from class 4400 (accommodation), and the part of class 4520 (pubs, taverns, and bars) that also provides accommodation.
The survey frame is all short-term commercial accommodation-providing units belonging to an economically significant 'enterprise'. Economic significance is generally determined as being GST registered and having a turnover of at least $30,000 per annum.
Short term accommodation is defined as less than one month.
The ANZSIC 4400 class specifically consists of units mainly engaged in providing accommodation for visitors, such as hotels, motels and similar units.
Primary activities are;
- Camping ground operation
- Caravan park operation
- Holiday house and flat operation
- Hotel operation
- Motel operation
- Resort operation
- Serviced apartments
- Ski-lodge operation
- Student residences operation (except boarding schools)*
- Youth hostel operation
*These operations are excluded from the survey, as detailed below.
Units providing 'hosted' accommodation, such as bed and breakfast, or farmstays, are excluded from the survey.
Units that are temporarily closed for more than 14 days during a month are excluded from the results.
Units mainly engaged in renting or leasing (including sub-leasing) residential properties or dwellings are included in Class 6711 - Residential Property Operators, and so are excluded from the survey. The survey further excludes hospitals, school and university hostels, prisons, work camps, nursing homes, time shares, school lodges, church lodges, trains, planes, ferries, baches, cribs, emergency shelters, night shelters, refuge, PSA houses, serviced apartments (when being used by owners), chartered boats, house swaps, and Outward Bound.
Statistical Unit
Geographic unit.
Statistical Units and the Business Frame
The Business Frame (BF) superseded the Business Directory (BD) in December 1996. The statistical units on the BF are Enterprises, kind of activity units (kaus) and geographic units (geos). These replace enterprises, accounting units and activity units, respectively, on the BD. The underlying concepts are unchanged.
Selection Unit
Geographic units (GEOs) on Statistics New Zealand's Business Frame that are classified as short-term commercial accommodation providers operating in New Zealand. In terms of ANZSIC 2006, the target population is taken from class 4400 (accommodation), and the part of class 4520 (pubs, taverns, and bars) that also provides accommodation.
Collection Unit
Geographic unit.
Under Coverage
A source of undercoverage arises from geographic units that provide some short term accommodation, but only as a secondary commercial activity. They have an NZSIC classification relating to their primary (non-accommodation) activity, and so are not selected from the BD/BF.
Population and Sample Size
The survey is a census (i.e. not a sample).
As at September 2009, the survey frame contained approximately 3,300 activity units.
Output Variables
Output variables are pieces of individual information that can be extracted from the survey/output data. Often output variables can be cross tabulated with other output variables, for example sales by industry classification. The list below contains all current and past output variables which have been released for this survey/output.
| Variable Name | Description |
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| Hot Off The Press, INFOS Variables | |
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| Number of Establishments | An establishment is the smallest statistical unit operating within a single enterprise. For the purpose of this survey, all establishments are geographic units on the Business Frame. |
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Capacity (Stay Unit Nights)
| This is the total capacity of all accommodation establishments in the area. Capacity for each establishment is the number of stay units in the establishment multiplied by the number of days in the month. A stay unit is the unit of accommodation which is available to be charged out to guests, e.g. a powered site in a caravan park, a bed in a backpacker, a room in a hotel or motel. |
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Number of Guest Nights
| A guest night is equivalent to one guest spending one night in an establishment. For example, a motel with 15 guests spending two nights would report provision of 30 guest nights of accommodation. |
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Occupancy Rate
Origin of Guest | This derived variable is calculated by dividing total stay unit nights occupied by total stay unit nights available in the month.
Whether the guest normally lives/resides in New Zealand or overseas. |
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| Average Length of Stay | This derived variable is calculated by dividing total guest nights by total guest first nights (guests arrivals). |
| Employee Count | Head count of salary and wage earners sourced from taxation data. |
| Additional Variables Included in the Pivot Tables and/or Monitors | |
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| Guest Arrivals (Guest First Nights) | This is the total number of guests who had the first night of their current stays during the month. Note that if a particular guest books out and then comes back for another stay, then they are counted as a guest arrival for a second time. |
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Changes in Output Variables over time
Guide to Interpreting Data
Summary of Changes to Survey/Output ..July 1996 - First reference period for the Accommodation Survey.
March 1997 - All periods revised with three changes incorporated;
- The use of the 'unit weight' to impute for unscoped units was discontinued as it was found that it had no significant impact on the results.
- Survey Methods made a recommendation for the revision of the imputation cells that are used as proxies for non-responding establishments. Imputation cells group similar accommodation establishments and initially the establishments in each cell were selected by judgement. With five months of data available, the imputation cells could be revised using more reliable information.
- The selection program was flawed, causing a decrease in the number of establishments in the survey frame over time. The program was failing to reinstate temporarily ceased units as they reopened.
August 2002 - Introduction of seasonally adjusted and trend series estimates for the total guest nights variable. This was introduced into the Hot Off The Press and Media Release publications only.
September 2002 - Introduction of seasonally adjusted and trend series estimates for the guest night variable for each of the five accommodation types. This was introduced into the Hot Off The Press and Media Release publications only.
October 2002 - Introduction of seasonally adjusted and trend series estimates for the guest night variable for the North Island and South Island. This was introduced into the Hot Off The Press and Media Release publications only.
December 2002 - The Accommodation Pivot Tables were introduced as an electronic component of the Hot Off the Press. Three Excel pivot tables are updated each month with the latest months data. These pivot tables are
- Regional Tourism Organisation (RTO) by Accommodation Type
- Total Accommodation by Territorial Authority (TA)
- Origin of Guests and Employment Information by Regional Tourism Organisation (RTO)
August 2003 - This was the last month that the Employment variable was collected on the questionnaire. This was replaced by the Employee Count variable which is derived from the Business Frame.
November 2007 - Information on origin of guest now collected monthly for total domestic and international guest nights. The previous breakdown by region or country will no longer be available.
August 2008 - Introduction of data from administrative data source, New Zealand Hotel Council, for some hotels.
September 2009 - Accommodation Survey redesigned to implement the following changes:
- update of regional boundaries to be based on 2006 meshblocks, territorial authorities, and regional councils
- update of classification of regional tourism organisation areas to cover 32 areas
- removal of the 'hosted' accommodation type from the survey
- changing label for 'caravan parks/camping grounds' to 'holiday parks'
- data backcast to July 1996 to reflect these changes
Usage and Limitations of the Data ..The survey provides detailed information on levels and trends in the accommodation industry. This can be used for business and government planning and marketing.
Related Data Sources ..The Retail Trade Survey provides sales data on the accommodation industry (under the ANZSIC coding).
Sampling Errors ..As the survey is a census there is no sampling error.
Non-sampling errors Non-sampling errors in the survey data may result from errors in the sample frame, respondent error, mistakes made during processing survey results and non-response imputation. These errors are not quantifiable.
The survey aims for a response rate of 75 percent.
Caveats on Release ..Response Rate caveats for Hot Off The Press
Non-response Imputation (in Commentary)
In calculating components of the Accommodation Survey, Statistics New Zealand imputes values for respondents who have not answered surveys based upon data from similar establishments in the same or similar areas. Non-response imputation introduces unknown errors into the estimates, and these should be taken into account when analysing the results from the survey. For more information about the survey quality, please refer to the Technical Notes or contact Statistics New Zealand.
Survey Errors (in Technical Notes)
This survey aims for 100 percent coverage of the population (that is, a full census). However, in practise an overall response rate of between 76 and 80 percent is usually achieved. The remaining units are given imputed values based upon the characteristics of similar establishments in the same or similar areas. Imputation introduces unknown errors into the estimates, and this should be borne in mind by users of the data. The size of these unknown errors is difficult to quantify.
Other non-sampling error occurs for reasons such as respondent-error, non-response, frame quality and errors in processing. While every effort is made to minimise these types of error, they will still occur. It is not possible to quantify their effect.
Response Rate caveats for Monitors
The Monitors include a statement similar to the following passage.
The response rate for the (RTO) area was (percent) percent for (month).
If the survey response rate for a particular entry in a table (cell) is less than 60 percent, then a warning must be issued to state that the value of the cell may be of lower quality. This warning is commonly applied in the Monitors due to the fine geographic breakdown of the data. The warning is similar to the following.
There was a response rate of (percent) for (accommodation type), requiring a high level of imputation for their results. These estimates will be of lower quality and should be treated with caution.
If the response rate is below 40 percent, then the value is suppressed. The cell value will be replaced with '..s' to indicate the suppression. The suppression is explained in a caveat similar to the following.
The response rate for (accommodation type) was very low. There was a high level of imputation used for some of their results and therefore they have been suppressed.
Time series comparison caveat for Monitors
Comparisons of monthly data with the same month of the previous year need to be treated with caution, as data for one period may be influenced by events for which there is no equivalent in the previous period (eg Chinese New Year, Easter).
Survey design caveat for Territorial Authority Pivot Table
The Accommodation Survey is designed at the regional (RTO by accommodation type) level to meet data quality standards. Care should therefore be taken with data at the territorial authority level.
Response rate caveat for Origin of Guest Pivot Table
From November 2007, information on domestic and internation guest nights is collected on a monthly basis. This change has resulted in an increase in the origin-of-guest response rate to between 65 and 75 percent. Before the survey change, the origin-of-guest response rate ranged between 55 and 60 percent. Figures for those establishments that failed to respond have been imputed. Such high levels of imputation can affect data quality, including comparisons between different months. This means the origin of guest information for months before November 2007 is less robust than for months from November 2007 onwards.
Liability Disclaimer
While all care and diligence has been used in processing, analysing and extracting data and information in this report, Statistics New Zealand gives no warranty it is error free and will not be liable for any loss or damage suffered as a result of the use, directly or indirectly, of information in this report.
Customised Output
Regional reports are produced for the RTOs and the Ministry of Tourism. Each report, called a Commercial Accommodation Monitor, is written for a specific RTO area, with sub-area information provided for some larger RTO areas. Comparisons between RTO and national figures are published.
The variables published are;
- Establishments (Number)
- Capacity (Stay Unit Nights)
- Guest Nights
- Guest Arrivals
- Occupancy Rate
- Origin of Guests
- Average Length of Stay
All of these variables are published by accommodation type and RTO sub-area (usually Territorial Authority Area). Graphs of some of the data and time series tables are also included. Commentaries are written for Guest Nights, Capacity, Occupancy Rate, Average Length of Stay, and Origin of Guests.
Three pivot tables are produced and placed on the Statistics NZ website.
1. RTO Area by Accommodation Type - RTO main variables.xls
Contains monthly, quarterly and annual establishments, capacity, occupancy rate, guest nights, guest arrivals, stay unit nights, stay length, by RTO area by accommodation type.
2. Territorial Authority by Total Accommodation - Territorial Authority Total Stats.xls
Contains monthly, quarterly and annual establishments, capacity, occupancy rate, guest nights, guest arrivals, stay unit nights, stay length, at the total territorial authority level.
3. Origin of Guests Information by RTO - RTO origin of guests.xls
Monthly domestic, international and total guest nights at the total RTO level.
Catalogue & Reference Numbers
| INFOS: |
ACSM.S11xy is Monthly ACSQ.S11xy is Quarterly ACSA.S11xy is Annual
where x=Accommodation Type and y=Particulars.
Accommodation Type
A= Hotels
B= Motels
D= Backpackers
E= Holiday Parks
X= Total Excluding Holiday Parks
9= Total
Particulars
A= Number of Establishments
B= Capacity (Stay Unit Nights)
C= Number of Guest Nights
D= Occupancy Rate (Percent)
E= Average Length of Stay (Nights)
ACSM.S12Rxy is Monthly ACSQ.S12Rxy in Quarterly ACSA.S12Rxy is Annual where x=Regional Council Area and y=Particulars.
Regional Council Area
A = Northland
B = Auckland
C = Waikato
D = Bay of Plenty
E = Hawke's Bay, Gisborne
F = Taranaki, Manawatu, Wanganui
G = Wellington
H = Nelson, Marlborough, Tasman
I = Canterbury
J = West Coast
K= Otago
L = Southland
Z = Total
Particulars
A= Occupancy Rate
B= Occupancy Rate Excluding Holiday Parks
ACSM.S14[AST][A-E9][RSZ] is Monthly where A=Actual series, S=Seasonally adjusted series, T= Trend series, A=Hotels, B=Motels, D=Backpackers, E=Holiday Parks, 9=All accommodation types, R=North Island, S=South Island and Z=New Zealand
ACSM.S16xy is Monthly ACSQ.S16xy is Quarterly ACSA.S16xy is Annual where x=Regional Council Area and y= variables
Regional Council Area
A = Northland
B = Auckland
C = Waikato
D = Bay of Plenty
E = Hawke's Bay, Gisborne
F = Taranaki, Manawatu, Wanganui
G = Wellington
H = Nelson, Marlborough, Tasman
I = Canterbury
J = West Coast
K= Otago
L = Southland
Z = Total
Variables
03= Guest Nights
19= Domestic Guest Nights
39= International Guest Nights |
Other Comments
Classification(s) used
Classifications |
Classification Versions |
Classification Type |
NZAC - New Zealand Accommodation Classification |
V2.0 |
NZ Standard |
RTO - Regional Tourism Organisation Areas |
V1.0 |
NZ Standard |
REGC06 - Regional Council 2006 |
V1.0 |
NZ Standard |
TA06 - Territorial Authority 2006 |
V2.0 |
NZ Standard |
MB06 - Meshblock 2006 |
V1.0 |
NZ Standard |
ANZSIC06 - Australian and New Zealand Standard Industrial Classification 2006 |
V1.0 |
NZ Standard |
Glossary of Terms
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| Term |
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| Accommodation Type | The predominant capacity provided by an establishment determines the accommodation type. For example, if an establishment provides both motel and camping ground accommodation, but the majority of its stay units are motel rooms, then it would be classified as a motel. Accommodation establishments are divided into four types for the purposes of this survey. The classification system used is the New Zealand Accommodation Classification (NZAC), broadly defined below:
- Hotels: Includes both hotels and resorts
- Motels: Includes motor inns, apartments and motels
- Backpackers/Hostels, and
- Caravan parks/Camping grounds.
- Hosted*: Includes private hotels, guesthouses, bed and breakfasts, and holiday farm (farmstay) accommodation
*The Hosted accommodation type is excluded from the survey since September 2009 | |
| Employee Count | Head count of salary and wage earners sourced from taxation data. | |
| Enterprise | A business or service entity operating in New Zealand. It can be a company, partnership, trust, estate, incorporated society, producer board, local or central government organisation, voluntary organisation or self-employed individual. | |
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| Establishment | An establishment is the smallest statistical unit operating within a single enterprise. For the purpose of this survey, all establishments are geographic units on the Business Frame. | |
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| Geographic (Activity) unit | A separate operating unit engaged in New Zealand in one, or predominately one, kind of economic activity from a single physical location or base. Called activity unit until December 1996 and then called geographic unit. | |
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| Guest | A guest is one person staying in an accommodation establishment. This should not be confused with a stay unit, which is a room/bed/suite/campsite etc. that the establishment charges for. For example, a motel may have beds for five guests in a motel unit. If it charges one price for the motel unit, then this is one stay unit. It the stay unit is fully occupied in one night, then one stay unit night is used, and the number of guest nights is five. | |
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| Guest Night | A guest night is equivalent to one guest spending one night in an establishment. For example, a motel with 15 guests spending two nights would report provision of 30 guest nights of accommodation. | |
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| Origin of Guest | Whether the guest normally lives/resides in New Zealand or overseas. | |
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| Stay Unit | A stay unit is the unit of accommodation which is available to be charged out to guests, e.g. a powered site, a bed in a bunk room, a motel unit. | |
Contact Details
Liability
Statistics New Zealand gives no warranty that the information or data supplied contains no errors. However, all care and diligence has been used in processing, analysing and extracting the information. Statistics New Zealand shall not be liable for any loss or damage suffered by the customer consequent upon the use directly, or indirectly, of the information supplied in this product.
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